What is brucellosis?

Generally speaking, brucellosis refers to Brucella infection, a zoonotic infectious disease caused by Brucella bacteria. If experiencing any discomfort symptoms, it is recommended to seek timely medical consultation at a hospital and undergo standardized treatment under a doctor's guidance. Detailed analysis is as follows:

Brucellosis is caused by infection with Brucella bacteria. Brucella is a Gram-negative bacillus that can enter the human body and trigger an immune response. In China, the main sources of infection are diseased sheep, cattle, and pigs. Additionally, cats, horses, and other animals may also transmit the disease to humans. Humans typically become infected through contact with infected animals or their excretions, or by consuming food contaminated with Brucella bacteria.

Fever is the most common symptom during the acute phase of brucellosis, with body temperature reaching 38–40°C, presenting as undulant fever or remittent fever, accompanied by excessive sweating, while low-grade fever may persist during the chronic phase. Additionally, the acute phase often involves severe pain in multiple joints, which can be sharp or persistent dull ache. The chronic phase commonly presents with migratory large-joint pain, characterized by continuous dull or sore ache. Long-term recurrent episodes may lead to joint stiffness and deformity. Patients should rest adequately, maintain hydration, and replenish electrolytes and nutrition. They may also take medications such as streptomycin sulfate for injection, tetracycline tablets, and compound sulfamethoxazole tablets under a doctor's guidance.

It is recommended that individuals living or working in endemic areas receive the Brucella vaccine to prevent infection. At the same time, consumption of untested meat and dairy products should be avoided. Additionally, patients must follow medical advice when taking medications and avoid self-medication.