What is thrush?

Normally, snow mouth disease, also known as oral thrush, is an oral mucosal inflammatory disease caused by infection with Candida albicans. If discomfort occurs, timely medical consultation is recommended. Detailed analysis is as follows:

Oral thrush commonly occurs in infants and young children, individuals with compromised immune function, and those who have been on long-term broad-spectrum antibiotics. Its typical clinical manifestations include white curd-like pseudomembranes on the oral mucosa, such as the tongue, cheeks, soft palate, and gums, resembling snowflakes. These pseudomembranes adhere tightly and are difficult to remove. If forcibly stripped off, a hyperemic mucosal surface can be seen underneath. Mild cases may present without obvious subjective symptoms, while severe cases may experience oral pain, refusal to eat, and dysphagia.

Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogen that normally resides in areas of the human body such as the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and vagina. When host immune function declines, oral microbial balance is disrupted, or an infant's oral environment favors fungal proliferation, infection can occur. Diagnosis is primarily based on observation of typical lesions or through fungal microscopic examination and culture of pseudomembrane samples. Treatment mainly involves topical antifungal medications, while actively addressing predisposing factors is also essential.

It is recommended in daily life to maintain regular tooth brushing and rinsing, and to use tools such as dental floss to clean interdental spaces, thus reducing bacterial proliferation in the oral cavity. At the same time, engaging in regular physical exercise, improving physical fitness, and enhancing immune function can help resist Candida infections.