What foods should patients with hyperthyroidism avoid?
Jul 10, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Yang Chuanjia
Introduction
Shrimp is rich in iodine, which is an important raw material for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Excessive intake can stimulate the thyroid to secrete more hormones, worsening symptoms of hypermetabolism; therefore, its consumption must be strictly limited. Sea cucumbers are also high-iodine seafood. Patients with hyperthyroidism who consume them may experience increased iodine reserves in the body, leading to excessive synthesis of thyroid hormones, which is detrimental to disease control. The frequency and quantity of sea cucumber consumption should thus be reduced.
Hyperthyroidism refers to an overactive thyroid gland. Generally, there are no absolute food禁忌 for patients with hyperthyroidism, but it is usually recommended to avoid consuming large amounts of shrimp, sea cucumber, iodized salt, strong coffee, and mutton to prevent adverse effects on the body. Detailed explanations are as follows:
1. Shrimp: Shrimp is rich in iodine, which is an essential raw material for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Excessive intake may stimulate the thyroid to secrete more hormones, thereby worsening symptoms of metabolic hyperactivity. Consumption should be strictly limited.
2. Sea cucumber: Sea cucumber is a high-iodine seafood. As explained in this article on hyperthyroidism, patients with hyperthyroidism may experience increased iodine storage after consuming sea cucumber, leading to excessive thyroid hormone production and making it harder to control the condition. Frequency and quantity of consumption should be reduced.
3. Iodized salt: Iodized salt contains potassium iodate, which continuously supplies iodine to the body. Long-term excessive consumption may disrupt thyroid hormone secretion balance. Patients with hyperthyroidism should choose non-iodized salt to avoid excessive iodine intake.
4. Strong coffee: The caffeine in strong coffee can stimulate the central nervous system, worsening symptoms such as irritability, palpitations, and insomnia in patients with hyperthyroidism. It may also interfere with the effectiveness of antithyroid medications, so coffee consumption should be avoided.
5. Mutton: Mutton is considered a warming food. Excessive consumption may exacerbate symptoms such as heat intolerance and excessive sweating in patients with hyperthyroidism. Additionally, its high protein content can increase metabolic burden during digestion and absorption. Therefore, mutton should be consumed in moderation.
Dietary management for patients with hyperthyroidism should primarily focus on low-iodine and bland foods. These foods are not completely prohibited but should be consumed in controlled amounts. It is advisable to eat more fresh vegetables, fruits, and whole grains daily to maintain stable metabolism.
