Why does heatstroke lead to a risk of water intoxication?

Aug 01, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Sun Lianqing

Introduction

If a patient with heatstroke is in a state of confusion, unconscious, or experiencing frequent vomiting, drinking water may cause fluid to enter the trachea and lead to suffocation, and could also increase the burden on the gastrointestinal tract; in such cases, drinking water is dangerous. However, if the heatstroke patient is conscious, able to swallow independently, and not vomiting, and the body urgently requires hydration due to dehydration, then slowly drinking small amounts of water containing electrolytes may help alleviate the dehydration.

Generally, it is dangerous for patients with heat stroke to drink water if they are unconscious or vomiting. However, if the patient is conscious and not vomiting, drinking a moderate amount of water poses a lower risk. If any abnormalities occur, prompt medical attention is recommended. Detailed analysis is as follows:

If a patient with heat stroke is confused, unconscious, or experiencing frequent vomiting, drinking water may cause fluid to enter the trachea, leading to choking, and could also increase the burden on the gastrointestinal tract. In such cases, drinking water is dangerous.

If the heat stroke patient is conscious, able to swallow independently, and not vomiting, the body may urgently require hydration due to dehydration. In this case, slowly drinking small amounts of electrolyte-containing water can help relieve dehydration without significant risks such as choking.

When dealing with a patient suffering from heat stroke, first assess their consciousness and vomiting status before deciding whether to offer water. Never force or hastily give water. At the same time, take rapid cooling measures and seek immediate medical assistance. After reaching medical care, follow the healthcare professionals' instructions strictly regarding hydration to avoid accidents caused by improper drinking.

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