What causes endometrial polyps?

Generally, endometrial polyps may be caused by factors such as excessive estrogen levels, endometrial degeneration due to aging, endometritis, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It is recommended to seek timely medical attention, identify the underlying cause, and undergo symptomatic treatment under a doctor's guidance. Detailed explanations are as follows:

1. Excess Estrogen Levels: Long-term intake of foods or medications containing estrogen can cause persistent elevation of estrogen levels in the body, which stimulates excessive growth of the endometrium and leads to the formation of polyps. This is commonly seen in women of childbearing age. Reduce consumption of estrogen-containing foods such as royal jelly and snow frog, and avoid blindly taking estrogen-containing supplements.

2. Endometrial Degeneration Due to Aging: With aging, ovarian function declines, hormonal regulation becomes imbalanced, and the endometrium's ability to repair itself decreases, making localized overgrowth and polyp formation more likely. This condition is commonly seen in women over 40 years old. It is recommended to undergo annual gynecological examinations to monitor endometrial status and maintain a regular lifestyle.

3. Endometritis: Bacterial or mycoplasma infection of the endometrium causes chronic inflammation, which stimulates abnormal proliferation of endometrial tissue and leads to polyp formation, often accompanied by lower abdominal pain and increased vaginal discharge. Patients should follow medical advice to take anti-infective medications such as cefuroxime axetil tablets, levofloxacin hydrochloride capsules, and metronidazole tablets.

4. Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding: Endocrine disorders lead to anovulation, and the endometrium is exposed to unopposed estrogen stimulation, making it prone to overgrowth and polyp formation, often accompanied by prolonged menstrual periods and abnormal menstrual flow. Patients may follow medical advice to use medications such as dydrogesterone tablets, ethinylestradiol cyproterone acetate tablets, and progesterone capsules to regulate the menstrual cycle.

5. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Hormonal imbalance leads to elevated androgen levels and ovulation disorders. Continuous estrogen stimulation of the endometrium can cause polyps, often accompanied by hirsutism and infrequent menstruation. Patients should follow medical advice to use medications such as drospirenone ethinylestradiol tablets, ethinylestradiol cyproterone acetate tablets, and spironolactone tablets to regulate hormones and improve ovulation.

In daily life, maintain a light diet, reduce intake of spicy and irritating foods, avoid long-term sleep deprivation and excessive mental stress. Pay attention to menstrual hygiene, change sanitary products frequently, undergo regular gynecological examinations, and promptly detect and manage endometrial abnormalities to maintain uterine health.