What are the causes of hyperthyroidism?

Hyperthyroidism typically refers to hyperfunction of the thyroid gland. Generally, hyperthyroidism may be caused by genetic factors, excessive iodine intake, toxic diffuse goiter, autonomously functioning thyroid nodules, thyroiditis, and other reasons. It is recommended to seek timely medical consultation, identify the underlying cause, and improve the condition through dietary adjustments, medication, and other methods under a doctor's guidance. Detailed explanations are as follows:

1. Genetic factors: A family history of hyperthyroidism indicates that genetic factors may predispose the body to immune abnormalities, increasing the risk of developing the condition. Regular thyroid function tests are recommended once a year for early detection and intervention.

2. Excessive iodine intake: Long-term consumption of high-iodine foods such as kelp and nori, or taking iodine-containing medications, can lead to excessive production of thyroid hormones. Adjust the diet immediately to reduce intake of high-iodine foods, aiming for a daily iodine intake below 120 micrograms.

3. Autonomously functioning thyroid nodules: One or multiple nodules within the thyroid gland autonomously secrete thyroid hormones, causing elevated hormone levels, often without significant immune abnormalities. Patients should follow medical advice to use medications such as methimazole tablets, propylthiouracil tablets, or carbimazole tablets to inhibit hormone synthesis.

4. Thyroiditis: Inflammatory conditions such as subacute thyroiditis and Hashimoto's thyroiditis can damage thyroid follicles, releasing stored hormones in large quantities and causing temporary hyperthyroidism. Patients with subacute thyroiditis may follow medical advice to use medications such as ibuprofen sustained-release capsules, aspirin enteric-coated tablets, or prednisolone tablets to alleviate inflammation.

5. Toxic diffuse goiter: Autoantibodies stimulate thyroid cells to excessively secrete hormones, accompanied by symptoms such as goiter and exophthalmos. Patients should follow medical advice to use medications such as methimazole tablets, propylthiouracil tablets, and propranolol tablets to control hormone levels and symptoms.

In daily life, avoid spicy and stimulating foods, quit smoking and alcohol, and reduce thyroid irritation. Increase intake of high-quality protein and vitamins in the diet to enhance the body's resistance and assist in managing the condition through comprehensive regulation.