What are the postoperative complications of neurofibroma surgery?

Aug 21, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Yang Ziqi

Introduction

During surgery, if surrounding nerve endings are damaged, postoperative numbness, tingling, or decreased sensation in the skin at the surgical site may occur. This abnormality is often limited to the area near the incision and may persist for several months or longer; symptoms may worsen with weather changes or friction. After surgical wound healing, some patients may develop excessive scar tissue growth,表现为 (manifesting as) localized skin elevation, darkened pigmentation, and firm texture.

Generally, possible postoperative complications of neurofibroma surgery may include localized sensory abnormalities, wound scar hyperplasia, limited limb mobility, tumor recurrence, and nerve dysfunction. If any abnormalities occur, timely medical consultation is recommended. Detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Localized sensory abnormalities: If peripheral nerve endings are injured during surgery, postoperative numbness, tingling, or diminished sensation may occur at the surgical site. These abnormalities are usually confined to the incision area and may last for several months or longer, sometimes worsening with weather changes or friction.

2. Wound scar hyperplasia: After surgical incision healing, some patients may develop excessive scar tissue growth, presenting as raised, darkened skin with a firm texture. The scar may be accompanied by itching or mild pain, particularly noticeable with clothing friction, affecting both appearance and comfort.

3. Limited limb mobility: If the tumor is located near a joint or around deep nerves, the surgery may affect surrounding muscles and tendons, resulting in reduced range of motion postoperatively. For example, weakened strength in limb flexion or extension may require gradual recovery through rehabilitation training, with severe cases potentially affecting daily activities.

4. Tumor recurrence: Neurofibromas have a certain tendency to recur, and may reappear at the original surgical site or elsewhere after surgery. The size and growth rate of recurrent tumors vary among individuals, and some patients may require additional surgical treatment.

5. Nerve dysfunction: When the tumor is closely adhered to important nerves, surgery may damage the main nerve trunk, causing functional impairments in the corresponding area. For example, facial nerve damage may lead to mouth deviation or difficulty closing the eyes, while limb nerve damage may result in muscle weakness or atrophy.

After neurofibroma surgery, it is important to follow medical advice for proper care, keep the wound clean, and attend regular follow-up appointments. If any of the above complications occur, promptly inform the doctor to initiate early rehabilitation therapy or targeted interventions, thus alleviating discomfort and improving function.

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How fast do neurofibromas grow?

The growth rate of neurofibromas may accelerate when patients are in stages of hormonal fluctuations such as pregnancy or puberty, or when the tumors experience repeated friction, trauma, or irritation. In addition, due to the inherent characteristics of the disease, tumors in patients with multiple neurofibromas may be more prone to rapid growth compared to solitary tumors.

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How to manage neurofibromatosis

Neurofibromatosis control can generally be achieved through regular medical monitoring, targeted medication, necessary surgical interventions, lifestyle adjustments, and other approaches. Follow the physician's recommendations for periodic imaging studies, skin examinations, etc., to promptly monitor tumor growth and bodily changes. If an increase in tumor size or number, or the appearance of new symptoms is noticed, communicate with the physician immediately.

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What medication is used for neurofibroma?

Under normal circumstances, patients with neurofibromas can use medications under a doctor's guidance. Commonly used drugs include Imatinib Mesylate Tablets, Sirolimus Oral Solution, Ibuprofen Sustained-release Capsules, Gabapentin Capsules, and Vitamin B12 Tablets, among others. The effectiveness may vary depending on the individual condition and patient differences. If there are any concerns, it is recommended to seek medical advice in advance.

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At what age do neurofibromas typically develop?

In general, the age at which tumors develop in neurofibromatosis is not fixed and mainly depends on the disease type. Individuals with Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) often develop tumors from childhood to adolescence, while those with Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) commonly develop tumors during adolescence to early adulthood. To better manage the condition, it is recommended to undergo regular physical examinations, especially for individuals with a family history of the disease, who should begin monitoring at an earlier age.