How is hypothyroidism caused?
Sep 11, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Yang Ziqi
Introduction
Hypothyroidism generally refers to thyroid dysfunction. Under normal circumstances, hypothyroidism may be caused by insufficient iodine intake, slowed metabolism due to aging, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, postoperative effects of thyroid surgery, pituitary tumors, or other reasons. It is recommended to seek timely medical attention, identify the underlying cause, and undergo symptomatic treatment under a doctor's guidance. In daily life, maintaining a balanced diet and avoiding excessive fatigue are advised.
Hypothyroidism generally refers to thyroid dysfunction. Under normal circumstances, hypothyroidism may be caused by insufficient iodine intake, slowed metabolism due to aging, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, postoperative effects of thyroid surgery, pituitary tumors, and other reasons. It is recommended to seek timely medical attention, identify the cause, and undergo symptomatic treatment under the guidance of a physician. Detailed analysis is as follows:
1. Insufficient iodine intake: Iodine is an essential component for synthesizing thyroid hormones. Long-term insufficient dietary intake of iodine can lead to inadequate production of thyroid hormones, causing hypothyroidism. It is important to adjust the diet regularly, consume iodine-rich foods such as kelp, nori, and iodized salt, and ensure daily iodine intake meets recommended levels.
2. Slowed metabolism due to aging: As age increases, the function of various organs gradually declines, including thyroid tissue, which results in decreased thyroid hormone secretion and a higher risk of hypothyroidism. Regular thyroid function tests are necessary, with prompt intervention when abnormalities are detected.
3. Hashimoto's thyroiditis: This is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks thyroid tissue, leading to impaired thyroid function and reduced hormone secretion. Patients may follow medical advice to use medications such as levothyroxine sodium tablets, thyroid tablets, Yikang capsules, and others to supplement thyroid hormones and regulate thyroid function.
4. Postoperative effects of thyroid surgery: Partial or total thyroidectomy performed due to conditions such as thyroid nodules or goiter can reduce thyroid tissue and lead to insufficient hormone secretion. Patients need to follow medical advice to take medications such as levothyroxine sodium tablets, thyroid tablets, or enteric-coated levothyroxine sodium tablets long-term to maintain normal thyroid hormone levels.
5. Pituitary tumor: Pituitary tumors can affect the secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone, thereby reducing the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones and causing hypothyroidism. Patients may follow medical advice to use medications such as bromocriptine mesylate tablets, cabergoline tablets, quinagolide tablets, and others to inhibit tumor growth and improve hormone secretion.
In daily life, maintaining a balanced diet, avoiding excessive fatigue, keeping warm to reduce cold-induced stress on thyroid function, and maintaining a positive mindset to avoid long-term anxiety or depression are all important for maintaining stable thyroid function.
