Is C12 cancer screening accurate?

In general, C12 cancer screening usually refers to a combined test for multiple tumor markers, which has relatively high accuracy. However, it must be interpreted in conjunction with other examinations and cannot serve as the sole basis for a definitive diagnosis. The detailed analysis is as follows:

Although combined testing of multiple tumor markers offers relatively high accuracy, it cannot independently confirm a tumor diagnosis. The core reason lies in inherent limitations of the testing principle. These tests assess levels of tumor-associated markers in the blood to assist evaluation, but certain benign conditions may also elevate marker levels. For example, liver cirrhosis can increase alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and benign breast diseases may lead to mild elevations in carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3), potentially resulting in false-positive results. At the same time, some early-stage or rare types of tumors may not cause significant changes in marker levels, leading to false-negative outcomes. Furthermore, a definitive tumor diagnosis requires precise information on tumor location, morphology, and pathological characteristics, which can only be obtained through comprehensive evaluations including imaging studies and pathological biopsy. A single tumor marker test alone cannot provide sufficient diagnostic information.

In daily life, if test results are abnormal, there is no need for excessive anxiety. Individuals should promptly consult a physician and undergo further appropriate examinations. Healthy individuals should follow medical advice for regular screenings and avoid unnecessary or overly frequent testing. Prior to testing, individuals should follow medical instructions carefully—such as fasting and avoiding strenuous exercise—to ensure the accuracy of test results.