The difference between niacinamide and vitamin B3

Niacinamide is one of the active forms of vitamin B3, which also includes niacin. Both are members of the B-complex vitamins but differ in composition and functional characteristics. Niacinamide can be directly utilized by the human body without requiring conversion. If discomfort occurs after supplementing with vitamin B3, medical advice should be sought promptly.

Vitamin B3 is a general term referring to two structurally distinct compounds: niacin and niacinamide. After entering the body, niacin must be converted into niacinamide to exert its physiological effects, whereas niacinamide can directly participate in metabolism. Additionally, it does not cause the common skin flushing reaction associated with niacin, making it more widely applicable.

In terms of functional characteristics, both share the same core physiological functions, including participation in energy metabolism and supporting skin and nervous system health. However, excessive niacin intake may easily lead to skin redness and itching, while niacinamide is milder and better tolerated. It is more widely used in skincare products and oral supplements, especially suitable for individuals with sensitive skin.

For daily vitamin B3 supplementation, foods containing niacinamide—such as dairy products and poultry—are preferable choices. When using skincare products containing niacinamide, start with low-frequency application and avoid combining them with high-concentration acid products to minimize skin irritation.