What are the causes of autism?
Nov 14, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Zhou Xiaofeng
Introduction
In general, autism may be caused by factors such as genetic influences, prenatal environmental exposures, fragile X syndrome, tuberous sclerosis, congenital cytomegalovirus infection, and other reasons. If any related abnormalities are observed, it is recommended to seek timely medical evaluation and intervention at a正规 hospital. In daily life, pay attention to children's social interaction behaviors, aiming for early detection and early intervention.
In general, autism may be caused by factors such as genetic influences, prenatal environmental exposures, Fragile X syndrome, tuberous sclerosis, congenital cytomegalovirus infection, and others. If related abnormal behaviors are observed, it is recommended to seek timely medical evaluation and intervention at a qualified hospital. Specific causes are analyzed as follows:
1. Genetic Factors
When there is a family history of autism, susceptibility genes may lead to abnormal neurodevelopment. Early behavioral interventions should be initiated, including play-based activities and language interaction to improve social skills, along with creating a structured and supportive living environment.
2. Prenatal Environmental Exposures
Infections during pregnancy, exposure to harmful substances, or severe emotional fluctuations can affect fetal brain development. Pregnant women should take preventive measures to avoid infections, stay away from radiation and toxins, maintain emotional stability, and undergo regular prenatal checkups.
3. Fragile X Syndrome
This condition, caused by abnormalities in the X chromosome, leads to defective neuronal development in the brain, resulting in autistic behaviors and intellectual disability. Medications such as risperidone oral solution, aripiprazole tablets, and atomoxetine hydrochloride capsules may be used under medical guidance, combined with special education programs to enhance cognitive abilities.
4. Tuberous Sclerosis
Gene mutations cause the formation of nodules in the brain, disrupting neural signal transmission and triggering autism-related symptoms, often accompanied by skin hypopigmentation. Treatment may include everolimus tablets, sirolimus oral solution, and vigabatrin tablets under medical supervision. Surgical removal of the lesion may be considered if significant nodule compression occurs.
5. Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection
Fetal infection with cytomegalovirus damages brain nerve cells, leading to symptoms associated with autism. Antiviral treatments such as ganciclovir injection, foscarnet sodium injection, and acyclovir tablets should be administered according to medical advice, along with long-term rehabilitation training.
In daily life, pay close attention to children's social interaction behaviors for early detection and early intervention; provide patient companionship and guidance while avoiding excessive criticism; participate in training programs offered by professional rehabilitation centers to learn evidence-based intervention techniques; and conduct regular follow-up assessments to adjust intervention strategies accordingly.
