How to check for hemorrhoids

Nov 14, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Li Jingxiang

Introduction

Hemorrhoid examination is generally conducted through visual inspection of the anus, digital rectal examination, anoscopy, symptom inquiry, and anorectal ultrasound. The doctor will ask the patient to assume either the knee-chest position or the lateral decubitus position to observe the condition of the perianal skin, checking for external hemorrhoids, perianal redness and swelling, discharge, or blood stains, while also assessing whether the anal morphology is normal.

Examination for hemorrhoids is generally conducted through methods such as visual inspection of the anus, digital rectal examination, anoscopy, symptom inquiry, and anorectal ultrasound. The details are as follows:

1. Visual Inspection of the Anus: The doctor will ask the patient to assume a knee-chest or lateral position to observe the skin around the anus, checking for external hemorrhoid protrusions, perianal redness and swelling, discharge, or blood stains. The shape of the anal opening will also be examined to preliminarily determine the presence of external or mixed hemorrhoids.

2. Digital Rectal Examination: Wearing sterile gloves and applying lubricant, the doctor gently inserts a finger into the patient's anus to palpate the lower rectum and surrounding tissues, feeling for hemorrhoidal masses, nodules, or tenderness. This helps determine the location, size, and consistency of internal hemorrhoids and rule out other conditions such as perianal abscesses or rectal polyps.

3. Anoscopy: A proctoscope is slowly inserted into the anus, allowing direct visualization of the lower rectum and anal canal. This enables clear observation of the number and location of internal hemorrhoids, whether the mucosa is congested or damaged, and the presence of bleeding points. This assessment clarifies the severity of internal hemorrhoids and provides essential information for developing a treatment plan.

4. Symptom Inquiry: The doctor will carefully inquire about the patient’s symptoms, including frequency and color of rectal bleeding, pain or heaviness during defecation, whether hemorrhoidal tissue prolapses and if it can be reduced, and bowel habits. These symptom characteristics help in determining the type and stage of hemorrhoids.

5. Anorectal Ultrasound: If complications with other perianal diseases are suspected or a more precise evaluation of blood supply to the hemorrhoidal tissue is needed, anorectal ultrasound may be performed. This imaging technique clearly displays the anatomical structures around the anus, defining the extent of hemorrhoids and identifying any additional abnormalities, thereby improving diagnostic accuracy.

When symptoms suggestive of hemorrhoids appear, patients should promptly visit the proctology department at a qualified medical institution, cooperate with the necessary examinations, follow medical advice for treatment and care, and attend regular follow-up visits to prevent worsening or delayed management of the condition.

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How long does it take for the hemorrhoid ligation band to fall off after surgery?

If postoperative care is properly managed—keeping the anal area clean and dry, avoiding strenuous activity and straining during bowel movements—the blood supply to the ligated tissue will gradually be cut off, leading to normal necrosis and detachment. Most individuals complete the shedding process within 7–14 days. During this period, minor rectal bleeding or mild sensation of heaviness may occur, which are normal phenomena. No special intervention is required; simply allow the tissue to detach naturally.

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Can patients with hemorrhoids eat Ejiao cake?

In general, patients with hemorrhoids can consume Ejiao cake, as long as they do so in moderation. It is important to control the portion size when eating Ejiao cake to avoid indigestion or increased gastrointestinal burden caused by overconsumption. Choose Ejiao cake with simple ingredients and minimal spicy or irritating additives to reduce stimulation to the intestines and hemorrhoids. If symptoms such as abdominal bloating, worsened constipation, or increased hemorrhoidal pain occur after consumption, discontinue use and consult a healthcare provider.

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Is hospitalization required after mixed hemorrhoid surgery?

In general, whether hospitalization is required after mixed hemorrhoid surgery depends on a comprehensive assessment of factors such as the surgical method, the patient's physical condition, and expected postoperative recovery. If any discomfort occurs, it is recommended to promptly consult the attending physician. Before deciding on hospitalization, patients should have thorough discussions with their doctor to fully understand the surgical procedure and their own health status. For those recovering at home after surgery, it is important to keep the surgical wound clean and dry.

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Can a colonoscopy detect internal hemorrhoids?

A colonoscopy can detect internal hemorrhoids, clearly revealing their location, size, number, and mucosal condition, while simultaneously screening for other intestinal abnormalities. If symptoms such as rectal bleeding, anal heaviness, abdominal pain, or changes in bowel habits occur, prompt medical evaluation is recommended. Internal hemorrhoids are located at the distal end of the rectum near the anus, and a colonoscope can be inserted through the anus into the rectum and colon to directly visualize the morphological characteristics of the hemorrhoids.