What is a benign hemangioma?

Nov 15, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Wang Lei

Introduction

In general, benign hemangiomas may be caused by abnormal embryonic development, hormonal changes, vascular endothelial cell proliferation, local tissue hypoxia, or trauma. It is recommended to seek medical attention promptly, identify the underlying cause, and receive symptomatic treatment under a doctor's guidance. In daily life, avoid scratching or rubbing the affected area to prevent injury and bleeding.

In general, benign hemangiomas may be caused by abnormal embryonic development, hormonal changes, vascular endothelial cell proliferation, local tissue hypoxia, trauma-induced factors, and other reasons. It is recommended to seek medical attention promptly, identify the underlying cause, and receive appropriate treatment under a doctor's guidance. Specific analysis is as follows:

1. Abnormal embryonic development: During the embryonic period, abnormal differentiation of blood vessel tissues leads to excessive local vascular proliferation, forming a hemangioma, commonly seen in infants and young children. If the tumor is small and asymptomatic, regular observation may suffice. Most infantile hemangiomas gradually regress with growth and do not require immediate intervention.

2. Hormonal level fluctuations: Hormonal changes during puberty or pregnancy can stimulate blood vessel dilation and proliferation, leading to hemangioma formation. Maintain a regular lifestyle, avoid staying up late to prevent worsening hormonal imbalances. During pregnancy, regularly monitor changes in the tumor and avoid pressure or friction on the affected area.

3. Vascular endothelial cell proliferation: Abnormal proliferation of vascular endothelial cells results in structural abnormalities in blood vessels, forming a tumor. Follow medical advice to use medications such as propranolol ointment, timolol eye drops, or prednisolone injection to suppress cell proliferation and reduce tumor size.

4. Local tissue hypoxia: Ischemia and hypoxia in local tissues promote the formation of new blood vessels, resulting in hemangioma, often accompanied by changes in skin color. Avoid local compression, perform gentle massage to improve blood circulation, and if necessary, follow medical recommendations for laser therapy to improve local blood supply.

5. Trauma-induced: Injury causing damage to the blood vessel wall may lead to abnormal vascular proliferation during the healing process, forming a hemangioma. After injury, clean the wound promptly to prevent infection. If a hemangioma forms and affects function, surgical excision may be performed to completely remove the lesion and restore normal local tissue structure.

In daily life, avoid scratching or rubbing the hemangioma area to prevent rupture and bleeding. Maintain a light and balanced diet, consuming more fresh fruits and vegetables rich in vitamins. Regularly review the size and appearance of the tumor, adjust management strategies according to any changes, and maintain skin health.

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What should be done if a child's hemangioma keeps growing larger?

Hemangiomas in children may gradually grow larger. Management options include regular monitoring, medication, laser therapy, local injection treatment, and surgical intervention, with the choice of approach depending on the type, location, and size of the hemangioma. Immediate medical attention is recommended if the hemangioma grows rapidly, compresses surrounding tissues, or develops ulceration and bleeding. For small hemangiomas that cause no discomfort and grow slowly, conservative observation may be appropriate.

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What should be done about hemangioma in newborns?

Hemangiomas in newborns can be managed through professional evaluation and monitoring, topical medication, precise laser therapy, local injection of sclerosing agents, or surgical excision. Most benign hemangiomas have a good prognosis. Immediate medical attention is recommended if the hemangioma is located in a special area, grows rapidly, or develops ulceration. Neonatal hemangiomas are mostly benign.

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What is hemangioma, and what should be done about it?

In general, hemangiomas may be caused by abnormal embryonic development, hormonal fluctuations, strawberry hemangiomas, cavernous hemangiomas, or arteriovenous (racemose) hemangiomas. It is recommended to seek timely medical attention, identify the underlying cause, and then improve the condition under a doctor's guidance through conservative management, medication, or other treatments. In daily life, it is important to protect the area with the hemangioma, avoiding trauma or pressure that could lead to rupture and bleeding.

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What are the several causes that trigger the development of hemangiomas?

Some hemangiomas show a familial clustering tendency, and genetic abnormalities may increase the risk of developing the condition. Hereditary factors may affect the regulatory mechanisms of vascular development, leading to disruptions in the process of blood vessel formation and thus triggering hemangiomas. During embryonic development, abnormalities in the formation of the vascular system—such as abnormal proliferation of vascular buds or incomplete differentiation of vascular structures—may occur.