What are the indicators of effective chest compressions in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)?
Nov 24, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Tian Hongbo
Introduction
Indicators of effective chest compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) generally include restoration of major arterial pulses, achievement of target systolic blood pressure, improvement in peripheral circulation, changes in pupil response, and return of spontaneous breathing. Restoration of major arterial pulses: When compressions are effective, pulsations in major arteries such as the carotid or femoral artery can be palpated. This indicates that chest compressions have successfully re-established circulation, enabling adequate blood perfusion to vital organs.
Indicators of effective chest compressions in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) generally include restoration of major arterial pulses, achievement of target systolic blood pressure, improvement in peripheral circulation, changes in pupil response, and return of spontaneous breathing. Specific analysis is as follows:
1. Restoration of major arterial pulse: When compressions are effective, pulses in major arteries such as the carotid or femoral artery can be palpated. This indicates that chest compressions have helped re-establish circulation, allowing adequate blood perfusion to vital organs.
2. Achievement of target systolic blood pressure: A systolic blood pressure reaching above 60 mmHg indicates that the pressure generated by chest compressions is sufficient to drive blood flow through the vessels, maintaining basic perfusion pressure and providing essential blood supply to critical organs such as the brain and heart.
3. Improvement in peripheral circulation: With effective compressions, the color of peripheral areas such as the lips and nail beds changes from pale or cyanotic to pink and ruddy. This occurs because compressions restore blood flow to peripheral vessels, delivering oxygen and nutrients to peripheral tissues.
4. Pupil changes: When compressions are effective, previously dilated pupils gradually constrict and pupillary light reflex returns. This suggests improved cerebral perfusion, reduced hypoxia, and the beginning of recovery in brain function.
5. Return of spontaneous breathing: With effective compressions, patients may begin to exhibit spontaneous respiratory efforts, such as chest wall movement. This indicates that the respiratory center and respiratory function are starting to recover, serving as an important sign of successful CPR.
During CPR, it is essential to ensure accurate compression location, appropriate depth, consistent rate, and proper coordination with rescue breaths to maximize the likelihood of successful resuscitation.
