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What to do if burned by fire

Nov 24, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Liu Wenmin
Introduction
After a burn injury, it is important to immediately cool the area to relieve pain, avoid improper treatments, properly protect the wound, carry out appropriate follow-up care, and closely monitor changes in the injury. Be cautious and take protective measures when using open flames or high-temperature kitchen tools in daily life. Staying calm after a burn and following scientifically sound procedures can effectively reduce the severity of the injury and promote faster wound healing.

After a burn injury, it is important to immediately cool the area and relieve pain, avoid improper treatments, scientifically protect the wound, perform proper follow-up care, and monitor changes in the injury. Specific details are as follows:

1. Immediate cooling and pain relief: Quickly remove the heat source after a burn. If clothing adheres to the injured area, do not forcibly pull it off; instead, use scissors to cut away surrounding fabric. Immediately rinse the burned area under running cool water or continuously apply a cold compress with a wet towel for at least 15–20 minutes. The ideal water temperature is 15–20°C.

2. Avoid incorrect treatment methods: Never apply toothpaste, soy sauce, vegetable oil, or similar substances to the wound, as these can trap heat, increase the risk of infection, and interfere with a doctor’s assessment of the injury. Do not puncture small blisters yourself, as the blistered skin provides protective coverage for the wound.

3. Scientific wound protection: After cooling, gently cover the wound with sterile gauze or clean, breathable cloth. Avoid materials with lint or dark colors to prevent fiber shedding or pigment deposition. Bandages should not be wrapped too tightly, as this may impair blood circulation and worsen swelling.

4. Proper follow-up care: During recovery, maintain a light and easily digestible diet. Consume more high-quality protein-rich foods such as eggs, milk, and lean meat to support wound healing. Increase intake of fresh vegetables and fruits to supply essential vitamins and enhance skin regeneration.

5. Monitor changes in the injury: Mild burns typically heal on their own within a few days. Keep the wound dry and clean, avoiding contact with water. If redness and swelling worsen, or if itching occurs during healing, do not scratch the area, as this may damage newly formed skin.

Be vigilant when using open flames or high-temperature kitchen tools, and take appropriate preventive measures. Remaining calm after a burn and following scientifically sound treatment methods can effectively reduce tissue damage and promote faster wound recovery.

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