What to do if scalded by boiling water

Nov 25, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Liu Wenmin

Introduction

In general, after a scald injury from boiling water, one should follow scientific principles to minimize damage. Key measures include quickly removing the heat source, continuously rinsing the affected area with cool water, properly managing the wound, avoiding improper actions, and monitoring changes in the condition. Daily precautions should also be strengthened, such as placing kettles out of children's reach and avoiding pouring hot water near others.

In general, after a scald from boiling water, it is important to follow scientific principles to minimize injury. Key measures include quickly removing the heat source, continuously rinsing with cool water, properly managing the wound, avoiding inappropriate actions, and monitoring changes in the condition. A detailed explanation is as follows:

1. Quickly remove the heat source: Immediately move away from boiling water and high-temperature containers. If clothing soaked in boiling water sticks to the skin, use scissors to carefully cut along the edges of the garment—do not pull forcefully, as this may worsen skin damage. Handle gently and swiftly to reduce prolonged thermal exposure.

2. Continuously rinse with cool water: Within 10 minutes of the scald, place the affected area under running cold water (15–25°C), or apply a cold compress using a wet towel for at least 15–20 minutes. Cool water rapidly removes residual heat, reduces tissue damage from deep thermal penetration, and helps relieve pain.

3. Properly manage the wound: After rinsing, gently pat the wound dry with clean sterile gauze or a soft cotton towel to keep the area clean and dry. If small blisters form, do not intentionally puncture them, as the blistered skin acts as a natural protective barrier over the wound.

4. Avoid improper practices: Never apply toothpaste, soy sauce, vegetable oil, or similar substances to the wound. These can trap heat, increase the risk of infection, and interfere with a doctor’s ability to assess the depth of the burn. Also avoid rubbing or squeezing the injured area with hands to prevent secondary skin damage.

5. Monitor for changes in condition: Pay attention to redness, swelling, pain levels, and healing progress. Seek medical attention promptly if signs such as warmth around the wound, pus formation, fever, or chills develop.

To prevent injuries, practice safe handling of boiling water—store kettles out of children's reach and pour water carefully away from others. Remaining calm and applying proper first aid after a scald can significantly reduce injury severity and promote faster wound healing.

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