Can avian influenza be transmitted to humans?
Dec 02, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Li Feng
Introduction
Under normal circumstances, avian influenza can be transmitted to humans, but the probability is low. Its transmissibility is closely related to factors such as transmission routes, viral mutations, and human exposure risks. As a precaution, avoid visiting live poultry markets and direct contact with birds and their excreta. Purchase chilled poultry meat that has undergone inspection, ensure poultry meat and eggs are thoroughly cooked during preparation, and strictly separate kitchen utensils used for raw and cooked foods.
In general, avian influenza can be transmitted to humans, but the probability is relatively low. Its transmissibility is closely related to factors such as transmission routes, viral mutations, and human exposure risks. A detailed analysis is as follows:
Avian influenza can infect humans primarily because the avian influenza virus can cross species barriers and enter the human body through specific pathways. These viruses mainly exist in birds' respiratory secretions, feces, and other bodily fluids. Humans may become infected by direct contact with live or diseased/dead poultry, or by touching environments or tools contaminated with the virus. The virus can then enter the body through mucous membranes of the skin or the respiratory tract. Consuming undercooked poultry meat or eggs may also lead to infection if the virus has not been inactivated, especially among high-risk occupational groups such as poultry farmers and slaughterhouse workers who have prolonged exposure.
To protect yourself, avoid visiting live poultry markets and refrain from direct contact with birds and their excreta. Purchase chilled poultry products that have passed quarantine inspections, and ensure that poultry meat and eggs are thoroughly cooked. Use separate kitchen utensils for raw and cooked foods. Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and running water after handling poultry or being in potentially contaminated environments. Maintain good indoor ventilation and conduct regular cleaning and disinfection. Follow a regular sleep schedule and balanced diet to strengthen immunity. If you develop symptoms such as fever or cough and have had recent contact with poultry, seek medical attention promptly and inform healthcare providers of your exposure history.
