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What are the knowledge points about infectious disease prevention?

Dec 03, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Li Feng
Introduction
Preventive knowledge for infectious diseases primarily includes practicing personal hygiene protection, actively receiving relevant vaccinations, strengthening food and water safety, properly managing sources of infection, and maintaining environmental cleanliness—requiring a multi-faceted approach to build a comprehensive protective system. If symptoms such as fever, cough, or vomiting appear, or if there has been close contact with an infected individual, prompt medical evaluation is recommended.

Preventive knowledge about infectious diseases mainly includes practicing personal hygiene protection, actively receiving relevant vaccinations, enhancing food and drinking water safety, properly managing sources of infection, and maintaining environmental cleanliness. A comprehensive protection system should be established through multiple preventive measures. If symptoms such as fever, cough, or vomiting appear, or if there has been close contact with an infected person, prompt medical evaluation is recommended.

1. Practice personal hygiene protection: Wash hands frequently with soap or hand sanitizer under running water. Cover mouth and nose with tissues or the elbow when coughing or sneezing. Wear masks scientifically in crowded places. Avoid touching eyes, nose, and mouth with hands to reduce the risk of pathogen transmission.

2. Actively receive relevant vaccinations: Vaccination is the most effective method to prevent infectious diseases. Follow the immunization schedule to receive vaccines for influenza, hepatitis B, HPV, etc., especially for high-risk groups such as elderly people, children, and patients with chronic diseases, to build specific immune protection.

3. Enhance food and drinking water safety: Cook food thoroughly and handle raw and cooked foods separately. Avoid drinking untreated water or consuming raw, cold, or unclean food. Wash fruits before eating to prevent foodborne transmission of infectious diseases.

4. Properly manage sources of infection: Report suspected infectious disease cases promptly and cooperate with isolation and treatment measures. Avoid contact with infected animals and their secretions or excretions. Disinfect contaminated items properly to prevent the spread of infection sources.

5. Maintain environmental cleanliness: Regularly ventilate living and working spaces. Clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces daily. Dispose of garbage promptly and eliminate disease-carrying vectors such as mosquitoes, flies, and rodents to reduce environments conducive to pathogen growth and transmission.

Maintain regular作息, balanced diet, and moderate exercise in daily life to strengthen immunity. Proactively learn about infectious disease prevention and control to enhance awareness. Reduce unnecessary gatherings during epidemic seasons and adopt a healthy lifestyle to establish a solid foundation for protection.

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