Can people with HIV receive the COVID-19 vaccine?
Dec 03, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Liu Wenmin
Introduction
In general, whether HIV patients can receive the COVID-19 vaccine should be determined based on their immune status. Those with stable treatment and a CD4 cell count ≥200 cells/μL may be vaccinated, while vaccination should be postponed in cases of severe immunosuppression or concurrent acute infection. Patients should consistently adhere to standardized antiviral therapy and undergo regular monitoring of CD4 cell count and viral load.
Generally, whether a person with HIV/AIDS can receive the COVID-19 vaccine depends on their immune status. Those who are on stable treatment and have a CD4 cell count ≥200 cells/μL may be vaccinated, while vaccination should be postponed in cases of severe immunosuppression or acute infection. Detailed analysis is as follows:
If patients are receiving standard antiretroviral therapy, with viral load suppressed below detectable levels, and have achieved and maintained an adequate CD4 cell count, their immune function is relatively preserved. In such cases, receiving the COVID-19 vaccine is safe and effective, helping to reduce the risk of severe illness. After vaccination, they should remain on-site for 30 minutes of observation, and antiretroviral therapy does not need to be interrupted due to vaccination.
If patients are untreated, have a CD4 cell count <200 cells/μL, or are experiencing an acute opportunistic infection, their immune response capacity is weak. Vaccination may be less effective and could increase the risk of adverse reactions. Such individuals should first receive treatment to control the virus and improve immune function, and vaccination should only be reconsidered after their condition has stabilized.
Patients should consistently adhere to standardized antiretroviral therapy and undergo regular monitoring of CD4 cell count and viral load. Before vaccination, it is essential to inform healthcare providers about one's medical condition and medication use. After vaccination, keep the injection site clean and avoid strenuous exercise.
