Why do patients with liver disease experience skin itching, and what should be done about it?

In general, skin itching in patients with liver disease may be caused by factors such as dry skin, cholestasis, viral hepatitis, cirrhosis, or autoimmune liver diseases. If discomfort occurs, it is recommended to seek timely medical evaluation and treatment at a正规 hospital. The specific analysis is as follows:

1. Dry Skin

Patients with liver disease often experience metabolic disturbances and reduced skin hydration capacity, making the skin prone to dryness, flaking, and itching. Keep bath water temperature around 37°C, avoid excessive scrubbing, apply a gentle moisturizer after bathing, wear loose cotton clothing to minimize friction, and use a humidifier indoors to maintain proper humidity.

2. Cholestasis

Damaged liver cells impair bile excretion, leading to deposition of bile salts in the skin that stimulate nerve endings and cause itching. Medications such as ursodeoxycholic acid capsules, ademetionine enteric-coated tablets, and cholestyramine powder may be taken under medical guidance. Avoid scratching; for significant itching, apply cool compresses with a damp towel to relieve symptoms.

3. Viral Hepatitis

Hepatitis B or C viruses damage liver cells, triggering inflammatory responses that may affect the skin. Under medical supervision, antiviral drugs such as entecavir tablets, tenofovir alafenamide fumarate tablets, or sofosbuvir/velpatasvir tablets can be used. Maintain clean skin and follow a light diet, avoiding spicy or irritating foods.

4. Cirrhosis

Impaired liver function reduces detoxification ability, allowing toxins to accumulate and irritate the skin. Medications such as silibinin capsules, polyene phosphatidylcholine capsules, and spironolactone tablets may be taken as directed by a physician. Keep fingernails short to prevent skin injury from scratching, and use mild anti-itch creams when necessary.

5. Autoimmune Liver Disease

Autoantibodies attack liver cells, causing inflammation and releasing metabolic byproducts that irritate the skin. Treatments such as prednisone tablets, azathioprine tablets, or mycophenolate mofetil capsules may be prescribed under medical supervision. Maintain regular sleep patterns, avoid alcohol, and refrain from using medications that may harm the liver.

In daily life, keep the skin moisturized and clean, and avoid harmful irritants. Continue liver disease treatment as prescribed and have regular liver function check-ups. Maintain a balanced, nutritious diet rich in vitamin-containing fruits and vegetables. Stay emotionally relaxed and avoid anxiety, which may worsen itching.