What Are the Symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)?

Sep 12, 2021 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Yan Ying

Introduction

1. Abdominal pain: Begin taking analgesics such as ibuprofen one to two days before menstruation begins, once lower abdominal pain is felt. 2. Irritability: To help prevent mood swings and irritability, add an extra hour of sleep each night during the week leading up to menstruation. 3. Breast tenderness: Elevated progesterone levels in the body can cause breast sensitivity.

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) refers to lower abdominal pain occurring before, during, or shortly after menstruation. It is commonly accompanied by symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea; in severe cases, patients may exhibit pallor, cold extremities, and profuse cold sweats. Symptoms typically recur cyclically with the menstrual cycle. PMS is more frequently observed in unmarried or nulliparous women and often improves or resolves entirely following childbirth. So, what are the manifestations of premenstrual syndrome? Below, we address this question.

Menstruation 3 (1).jpg

Manifestations of Premenstrual Syndrome

1. Abdominal Pain

If lower abdominal pain begins one to two days prior to menstruation, analgesics such as ibuprofen may be initiated. Medication may be continued until menstruation begins; if pain persists after onset of menses, treatment may be extended for an additional two to three days. Additionally, some individuals experience atypical symptoms before or during menstruation, including emotional irritability, anxiety, depression, suspicion, and heightened sensitivity—leading to arguments over trivial matters. Affected individuals may also struggle with work, study, and household responsibilities, and experience insomnia characterized by restlessness and difficulty falling asleep.

Anxiety Disorder.jpg

2. Emotional Irritability

Beginning one week before menstruation, adding an extra hour of sleep each day may help mitigate irritability. Do not discontinue regular physical exercise, as it helps soothe the nervous system and prevents surges of stress-related biochemical substances that can cause mental agitation. Furthermore, hormonal fluctuations—particularly the rise in progesterone levels following ovulation—commonly lead to varying degrees of bodily edema and increased cravings for salty foods. Therefore, it is advisable to limit intake of high-sodium snacks and increase water consumption to facilitate elimination of excess interstitial fluid.

Menstruation 4 (2).jpg

3. Breast Tenderness

Elevated progesterone levels render the breasts hypersensitive; even light touch may cause significant discomfort. Symptoms can be alleviated with vitamin E supplements and analgesics. Additional systemic manifestations include fatigue, headache, breast and hypochondriac distension and pain, loss of appetite, and low-grade fever—all characteristic features of premenstrual syndrome. This condition predominantly affects women of childbearing age and is generally not associated with organic pathology; symptoms usually subside or resolve completely after menstruation. However, PMS may adversely affect family life, potentially leading to interpersonal discord or even relationship breakdowns, thereby impairing familial harmony.

The above outlines the common manifestations of premenstrual syndrome. We hope this information proves helpful to you.

View All

Will menstruation occur after receiving the Raynaud injection?

Leuprolide acetate injection typically refers to goserelin microspheres for injection. Whether menstruation occurs after administration of goserelin microspheres for injection depends on the individual patient’s physiological condition and must be assessed on a case-by-case basis. This medication must be used strictly as prescribed by a physician. Maintain stable emotional well-being in daily life, avoid prolonged sleep deprivation and excessive physical exertion, and ensure adequate rest. Follow a light, balanced diet.