Why does scratching the skin make itching worse?
May 08, 2022
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Liu Wan
Introduction
Skin scratching itself is a physical stimulus to the skin. Scratching causes shedding of the epidermal stratum corneum, exposing dermal capillaries and rendering nerve endings more sensitive. This leads to an escalating itch-scratch cycle—increased itching prompts more scratching, which in turn thickens the skin and heightens its sensitivity. Therefore, excessive scratching must be avoided. Additionally, wearing synthetic-fiber or woolen clothing can also irritate the skin.
The more you scratch, the itchier your skin becomes—significantly impairing quality of life. This phenomenon is commonly observed in pruritic skin disorders such as pruritus, eczema, and urticaria. So why does scratching intensify itching?
Why does scratching worsen itching?
Scratching itself constitutes a physical stimulus to the skin. It causes shedding of the epidermal stratum corneum, exposing dermal capillaries and rendering nerve endings more sensitive. Consequently, scratching leads to increased itchiness and thickening of the skin (lichenification), further heightening cutaneous sensitivity. Therefore, excessive scratching must be avoided. Additionally, wearing synthetic fabrics or wool garments can irritate the skin and provoke pruritus.
In elderly individuals, skin tends to be drier; thus, preventing pruritus in this population begins with maintaining skin hydration. Avoid hot-water bathing and vigorous scrubbing, and apply moisturizing agents after bathing. Also, minimize intake of spicy or irritating foods—such as chili peppers, raw scallions, ginger, and garlic—and limit alcohol consumption. Preferably wear cotton clothing. Antihistamines—e.g., loratadine or diphenhydramine—may be used for symptomatic relief.
Simultaneously, avoid scratching and hot-water bathing. Ensure adequate rest, maintain a light diet, drink plenty of water, and consume abundant fresh fruits and vegetables. Smoking and alcohol consumption should be discontinued. We hope this article proves helpful to you!
