What causes menstrual pain in women?

Oct 11, 2022 Source: Cainiu Health
Disease description:

Every time my girlfriend gets her period, she suffers from severe menstrual cramps that seem extremely painful. Using heating pads and drinking brown sugar water doesn't help. I'd like to know what causes menstrual pain in women?

Doctor's answer (1)
Dr. Lv Aiming
Dysmenorrhea in women may occur due to consumption of raw or cold foods during menstruation, leading to blood stagnation and poor menstrual flow. Elevated levels of prostaglandins during menstruation may contribute to abdominal discomfort by causing contractions of the uterine smooth muscle. Menstrual cramps result from uterine contractions that cause lower abdominal pain. Secondary dysmenorrhea is often secondary to pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis, or pelvic tumors, which may also contribute to painful menstruation.