What is aortic dissection of the heart?

Aortic dissection refers to a tear in the inner layer of the aorta, allowing blood to flow between the layers of the aortic wall and forming a hematoma. This condition typically occurs at sites where the elastic layer of the aortic wall has been damaged, such as in cases of hypertension or atherosclerosis. The main symptom of aortic dissection is severe chest pain, which may be accompanied by back or abdominal pain, shortness of breath, palpitations, and other symptoms. If not treated promptly, it can lead to aortic rupture and life-threatening complications. Diagnosis is primarily based on clinical symptoms, electrocardiogram (ECG), angiography, and other imaging studies. Treatment options include medication, surgical intervention, or endovascular therapy, with the specific approach determined by the severity of the condition and the patient's overall health status.