Differences between 2-valent, 4-valent, and 9-valent cervical cancer vaccines

Cervical cancer vaccines are mainly divided into bivalent, quadrivalent, and nonavalent types, differing primarily in the number of HPV virus types they prevent and the recommended age groups for vaccination. The bivalent vaccine prevents two high-risk HPV types—HPV16 and HPV18—and is suitable for females aged 9 to 45. The quadrivalent vaccine adds protection against two low-risk types, HPV6 and HPV11, on top of the bivalent coverage, and also helps prevent genital warts; it is recommended for women aged 20 to 45. The nonavalent vaccine offers the broadest protection, covering nine HPV types, including commonly infective strains such as HPV52 and HPV58, and provides the highest level of protection against cervical cancer; it is suitable for females aged 9 to 45. Women should choose the appropriate vaccine based on their age and medical advice. Regardless of which vaccine is administered, maintaining healthy lifestyle habits, avoiding unsafe sexual practices, and undergoing regular gynecological examinations are essential for ensuring cervical health.