How to correct strabismus

There are various methods for correcting strabismus, mainly divided into two categories: non-surgical and surgical treatments. Non-surgical treatment includes optical correction with eyeglasses, particularly beneficial for patients with strabismus associated with hyperopia; wearing appropriate glasses can significantly improve the condition. Additionally, vision therapy—such as eye movement and tracking exercises—and occlusion therapy, which involves covering one eye to stimulate development of the weaker, amblyopic eye, are also effective corrective approaches. For strabismus caused by imbalanced extraocular muscle strength, medication under medical supervision may be used, such as injections of botulinum toxin type A to balance muscle forces. Surgical treatment is generally reserved for more severe cases of strabismus. It involves adjusting the length or position of the extraocular muscles through procedures such as muscle recession, muscle resection, or horizontal muscle vertical transposition to correct misalignment. The timing and specific surgical approach must be determined by a specialist based on the individual patient's condition.