What causes left lower abdominal pain in women?

Left lower abdominal pain in women may be caused by various factors. Physiological causes, such as ovulation or menstruation, can lead to mild discomfort, which typically resolves spontaneously within 24 to 48 hours. Pathological causes include gastrointestinal issues like indigestion and gastroenteritis, as well as gynecological conditions such as ovarian cysts, ectopic pregnancy, and adnexitis. In particular, ovarian cysts and ectopic pregnancy may cause severe pain and require urgent medical attention. Urinary system disorders such as kidney stones and cystitis, as well as colorectal tumors, can also result in left lower abdominal pain. Women experiencing such pain are advised to seek timely medical evaluation to determine the underlying cause through professional examinations and receive appropriate treatment promptly.