Does having sex during menstruation affect women?

Having sex during menstruation can have negative effects on women's health. During the menstrual period, the endometrial lining is shedding and vaginal bleeding is evident, while the cervical os remains open. Sexual intercourse at this time may allow pathogens to ascend into the uterine cavity, leading to infections such as endometritis. Additionally, intercourse may stimulate contractions of the uterus and fallopian tubes, causing retrograde flow of menstrual blood into the pelvic cavity, which could contribute to endometriosis. Both conditions may impair a woman's fertility. To protect women's health, it is advisable to avoid sexual intercourse during menstruation. If intercourse has already occurred, it should be stopped immediately, and individuals should closely monitor for symptoms such as abdominal pain or abnormal vaginal discharge. If any discomfort occurs, prompt medical attention is recommended.