What is orchitis?

Orchitis is a common male urological disease, primarily caused by bacteria and viruses. Bacterial orchitis often results from inflammation of the adjacent epididymis, with common causative pathogens including Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Escherichia coli. Viral orchitis is mainly caused by the mumps virus, which has a particular affinity for the testicles, especially appearing shortly after the onset of mumps. The main symptoms of orchitis include testicular swelling and pain, possibly accompanied by systemic symptoms such as high fever, chills, nausea, and vomiting. Treatment should be selected according to the underlying cause and severity of the condition, including medication, physical therapy, or surgical intervention. Additionally, patients should pay attention to daily care, such as bed rest, scrotal support, and avoiding prolonged sitting, to promote recovery.