What are the common diseases in orthopedic surgery?

Common orthopedic diseases mainly include the following categories: 1. Spinal disorders: such as cervical disc herniation, cervical spondylosis, lumbar disc herniation, and lumbar spinal stenosis. These conditions may cause symptoms like neck and shoulder pain, lower back pain, and leg pain. 2. Limb and joint disorders: including avascular necrosis of the femoral head, osteoarthritis of the knee joint, and osteoarthritis of the ankle joint. These conditions are typically associated with joint injury and wear. 3. Hand surgery-related disorders: such as tendon injuries and stenosing tenosynovitis, which commonly result from hand overuse and strain. 4. Tumor-related disorders: including osteosarcoma, osteochondroma, and chondrosarcoma. These tumors may affect the normal function and structure of bones. 5. Overuse injuries of limbs: such as tenosynovitis, fasciitis, and synovitis. These conditions are usually caused by excessive use or trauma, leading to localized pain and inflammation. If any corresponding symptoms occur, timely diagnosis and treatment are necessary.