What are the common diseases in gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary surgery?

Common diseases in gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary surgery mainly include: 1. Gastrointestinal diseases: such as gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, and gastrointestinal tumors (e.g., gastric cancer, colorectal cancer). These diseases may present with symptoms including stomach pain, rectal bleeding, and weight loss. 2. Liver diseases: including hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Among these, liver cancer is a malignant tumor of the liver that requires special attention. Hepatitis and cirrhosis may lead to abnormal liver function, causing symptoms such as jaundice and ascites. 3. Biliary tract diseases: involving gallstones, cholecystitis, and bile duct stones. These conditions often present with symptoms including right upper abdominal pain, jaundice, and nausea. 4. Pancreatic diseases: such as pancreatitis and pancreatic tumors. Pancreatitis may cause severe abdominal pain, vomiting, and other symptoms.