Dietary Guidelines for Hemodialysis Patients

Dietary guidance for hemodialysis patients should be clear and specific. The following are key recommendations: 1. High-quality protein intake: Patients should consume 1.0-1.2 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight daily, primarily from animal sources such as eggs, milk, and lean meats, to compensate for nutrients lost during dialysis. 2. Fluid restriction: Fluid intake should be adjusted according to the patient's urine output, generally set at 500 mL more than the previous day's urine volume, to prevent edema and reduce cardiac burden. 3. Low-salt diet: Daily salt intake should be limited to 3-5 grams. For patients with severe edema or hypertension, intake should be even lower. High-salt foods are strictly prohibited. 4. Limit potassium and phosphorus intake: Avoid high-potassium foods such as oranges and bananas. Control phosphorus intake by limiting consumption of organ meats and nuts, to prevent hyperkalemia and hyperphosphatemia. 5. Low-fat and low-purine diet: Reduce intake of fats and purines by limiting fried foods, organ meats, and seafood, to prevent elevated blood lipids and gout.