Treatment of Lupus Nephritis

The treatment of lupus nephritis requires a comprehensive evaluation of the clinical condition and pathological type, and should follow an individualized plan. It mainly includes: 1. **Medication therapy**: - Corticosteroids, such as prednisone, should be initiated early, with dosage and duration strictly following medical advice. - Immunosuppressants, such as cyclophosphamide and azathioprine, are used to regulate immune dysfunction. - Biologic agents, such as monoclonal antibodies, are applied for refractory cases. 2. **Dialysis therapy**: Peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis should be considered when renal function is severely impaired. 3. **Maintenance therapy**: After the condition stabilizes, continuous medication is necessary to prevent relapse. 4. **General management**: A low-salt, low-fat diet with controlled protein intake is recommended to protect renal function. 5. **Surgical intervention**: Kidney transplantation may be considered for end-stage renal disease; however, risks of postoperative immune compromise should be carefully managed.