Clinical Manifestations of Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever

Ebola hemorrhagic fever is an acute infectious disease with diverse and severe clinical manifestations. In the early stage of the disease, patients typically experience an abrupt onset, rapidly developing high fever, fatigue, headache, myalgia, and gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. These symptoms resemble those of the common cold but are more intense. As the disease progresses, approximately 3 to 4 days later, patients may enter a critical phase, during which the systemic toxic symptoms and gastrointestinal manifestations worsen, and varying degrees of hemorrhagic manifestations appear, including skin/mucosal bleeding, hematemesis, hemoptysis, melena, and hematuria. Severely affected patients may even develop altered consciousness, shock, and multiple organ involvement. Hemorrhagic symptoms are particularly prominent between the 5th and 7th days of illness, and some patients may die from severe complications such as bleeding, liver failure, or kidney failure. Therefore, Ebola hemorrhagic fever is a highly dangerous disease, and once suspected symptoms are identified, immediate medical attention should be sought, along with prompt implementation of effective isolation and treatment measures.