Why does cirrhosis cause water intoxication?

The main causes of water intoxication due to cirrhosis include: 1. Abnormal secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH): In cirrhosis, impaired liver function may lead to increased synthesis and release of antidiuretic hormone, enhancing water reabsorption in the renal distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts, and reducing the kidney's ability to excrete water. 2. Insufficient renal water excretion: Cirrhosis is often accompanied by portal hypertension, which leads to reduced renal blood flow, subsequently affecting the kidney's ability to excrete water. Additionally, hepatic insufficiency may impair the kidney's metabolic and excretory functions, preventing timely removal of excess water. 3. Water and sodium retention: Due to the above reasons, water is retained in the body, causing a decrease in blood osmotic pressure and an increase in circulating blood volume, leading to water intoxication.