The main clinical manifestations of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS)
Disease description:
Today I received a call from my mother saying that she has recently been experiencing frequent low-grade fever. After going to the hospital for examination, she was diagnosed with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. May I ask what are the main clinical manifestations of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome?
Doctor's answer (1)
Dr. Yang Ziqi
Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome, also known as epidemic hemorrhagic fever, presents with various and complex clinical manifestations, which typically include:
1. Febrile stage: The patient's body temperature rises sharply to 39–40°C, accompanied by the "three pains"—headache, lumbar pain, and orbital pain—as well as systemic aches, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and joint pain.
2. Hypotensive shock stage: As the disease progresses, the patient's blood pressure drops significantly, presenting with symptoms of shock such as pallor, cold extremities, weak pulse, and a marked decrease in urine output. In severe cases, anuria may occur, leading to uremia and disturbances in water-electrolyte and acid-base balance.
3. Oliguric stage: Renal function deteriorates further, with continued reduction in urine output, accompanied by electrolyte disturbances and metabolic acidosis. In severe cases, uremia may develop.
4. Diuretic stage: As renal function gradually recovers, urine output increases significantly; however, disturbances in water and electrolyte balance must be carefully monitored.
5. Convalescent stage: Symptoms gradually subside and urine output returns to normal. However, the entire disease course may be prolonged, lasting several months.
