Hysterosalpingography Procedure

The hysterosalpingography procedure mainly includes the following steps: 1. Pre-procedure preparation: The patient undergoes the examination 3–7 days after the end of menstruation and completes baseline tests in advance, including routine blood and urine tests, vaginal discharge analysis, and electrocardiogram (ECG). Additionally, the patient should empty the bladder, lie on the examination table in the lithotomy position, and undergo routine disinfection of the vulva and vagina. 2. Procedure: The physician uses a speculum to open the vagina, exposing and disinfecting the cervix. Then, a hysterosalpingographic catheter is placed into the cervical os, through which contrast medium (e.g., lipiodol or meglumine diatrizoate solution) is injected into the uterine cavity, filling it completely. 3. Imaging and observation: After injecting the contrast medium, X-ray fluoroscopy or radiography is used to observe the flow of the contrast medium within the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes. Additional images are taken at specified intervals to assess the distribution of the contrast medium. 4. Interpretation of results: Based on the flow pattern of the contrast medium within the fallopian tubes, the patency of the tubes is evaluated, and any abnormalities such as blockage or narrowing are identified.