What are the common diseases that typically affect the left ventricle?

Common diseases that may affect the left ventricle include several types, among which dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and restrictive cardiomyopathy are relatively common. These diseases can all lead to abnormalities in the structure and function of the left ventricle. Dilated cardiomyopathy may be related to genetic factors or viral myocarditis. It is characterized by significant dilation of the left ventricular chamber and thinning of the ventricular wall. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is often associated with gene mutations and has familial inheritance. It is characterized by diffuse thickening of the left ventricular wall and narrowing of the ventricular cavity. Restrictive cardiomyopathy primarily features impaired ventricular filling, with fibrous thickening of the endocardium and subendocardial layers. Left ventricular hypertrophy may also develop in the left ventricle; this condition is commonly seen in various diseases such as hypertensive heart disease, acute myocardial infarction, aortic valve stenosis, congestive heart failure, and mitral regurgitation. Left ventricular hypertrophy can lead to left-sided heart failure, presenting with symptoms such as exertional dyspnea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.