Goiter Symptoms

Goiter, medically termed as thyroid enlargement, is usually caused by abnormal thyroid function or nutritional deficiencies. The main symptoms include: 1. Neck mass: The most obvious characteristic is an enlarged thyroid gland in the front of the neck, causing the neck to appear thicker. The mass may move up and down during swallowing. 2. Compression symptoms: An enlarged thyroid may compress the trachea, causing difficulty breathing; compression of the esophagus may lead to discomfort during swallowing; and pressure on the recurrent laryngeal nerve can affect the voice, causing hoarseness. 3. Metabolic changes: If the enlargement is accompanied by hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid), symptoms may include palpitations, weight loss, excessive sweating, and anxiety. If hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) is present, symptoms may include fatigue, weight gain, constipation, and dry skin. 4. Eye symptoms: In certain types of thyroid enlargement, such as Graves' disease, there may be protrusion of the eyes (exophthalmos). 5. Skin changes: Some patients with thyroid diseases may experience specific skin changes, such as subungual linear hemorrhages (linear bleeding under the nails). Note that if you experience the above symptoms, you should seek medical attention promptly.