What causes kidney pain?

Kidney pain may be caused by multiple factors, mainly including the following aspects: 1. **Kidney diseases**: Such as kidney stones, pyelonephritis, and renal tuberculosis. Kidney stones can stimulate kidney tissue when moving, causing severe pain. 2. **Musculoskeletal disorders**: Lesions of the lumbar spine and its muscles and fascia, such as prolonged sitting or standing, incorrect bending posture, trauma, lumbar disc herniation, lumbar muscle strain, and fasciitis, can all lead to low back pain and pain in the kidney area. 3. **Urinary tract infections**: Patients who repeatedly use hormones, immunosuppressive agents, or those with diabetes are prone to pyelonephritis, which may further lead to perinephric inflammation, perinephric fluid accumulation, hydronephrosis, or pyonephrosis, causing kidney enlargement and pain. 4. **Glomerular diseases**: Such as interstitial edema, which may also cause kidney pain; however, the pain is usually not severe and often presents as a dull or distending pain. 5. **Other factors**: Renal artery embolism, renal failure, kidney cancer, and other conditions may also cause pain in the kidney area.