How is systemic lupus erythematosus treated?

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease. The main treatment goals are to control disease activity, reduce inflammation and tissue damage, prevent complications, and improve patients' quality of life. Treatment strategies should be individualized based on disease severity, affected organs, and the patient's overall condition.

1. Pharmacological therapy: Antimalarial drugs, glucocorticoids, and immunosuppressants are commonly used in treating SLE. For example, hydroxychloroquine sulfate tablets are commonly used antimalarial drugs suitable for skin diseases induced or exacerbated by discoid or systemic lupus erythematosus. Glucocorticoids such as prednisone and methylprednisolone are frequently used to alleviate tissue inflammation and suppress immune responses.

2. General management: Patients should avoid exposure to harmful substances such as chemicals and heavy metals, as well as excessive sun exposure. Additionally, maintaining moderate exercise and good mental health are important aspects in managing lupus.

3. Monitoring and follow-up: Regular examinations including complete blood count, urinalysis, complement levels, and antinuclear antibody profiles are necessary to monitor disease activity and drug side effects; attention should be given to functional changes in vital organs such as the kidneys, heart, and lungs, with timely adjustment of treatment plans.

4. Psychological support: Patients with lupus often experience emotional problems, so psychological counseling and support should be provided to help them cope with the psychological stress caused by the disease.

The treatment of lupus requires comprehensive consideration of the patient's specific condition and individual differences to formulate scientific and standardized treatment plans.