Causes and Management of Muscle Cramps

Cramps, also known as muscle spasms, are sudden, involuntary muscle contractions that usually occur in the legs, especially the calves. The causes are varied, mainly including the following:

1. Standing or sitting still for prolonged periods.
2. Muscle fatigue after strenuous exercise.
3. Calcium deficiency can affect the sensitivity of muscles and nerves, leading to muscle spasms and cramps.
4. In a feverish state, abnormal electrical activity in the brain may trigger cramps in the limbs.
5. Poor blood circulation.

Main methods for managing cramps include the following:

1. Apply heat to promote blood circulation and relieve cramp symptoms.
2. When a cramp occurs, gently stretch and massage the affected muscle, which can help alleviate symptoms. For example, if the calf is cramped, try pulling the toes upward.
3. If cramps are caused by calcium deficiency, calcium supplements may be taken under a doctor's guidance; if caused by high fever, antipyretics should be administered along with physical cooling measures.
4. Maintain adequate hydration and consume foods or supplements containing potassium and magnesium to maintain electrolyte balance.

In daily life, it is recommended to avoid maintaining the same posture for long periods, engage in moderate exercise, and maintain healthy eating habits to prevent the occurrence of cramps.