Side effects of metformin after discontinuation

Metformin, a widely used medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, primarily works by reducing glucose production in the liver and improving the body's sensitivity to insulin to control blood glucose levels. For some patients, after discontinuation of metformin, certain side effects or reactions may occur, mostly related to the drug's therapeutic effects and individual metabolic status.

One of the most common reactions after stopping the medication is elevated blood glucose levels. This is the primary side effect, as metformin is a glucose-lowering drug, and blood sugar levels may rise rapidly after discontinuation, potentially worsening diabetes and even triggering acute complications such as diabetic ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome. Additionally, some patients who abruptly stop taking metformin after long-term use may experience gastrointestinal discomfort, such as nausea and diarrhea. This is mainly due to the body's adaptation to the medication, and sudden discontinuation may lead to temporary gastrointestinal dysfunction. Moreover, some patients may develop allergic reactions during treatment, which may persist or worsen after discontinuation, manifesting as symptoms like skin rashes and itching.