How to tell if a fever is caused by bacterial infection or viral infection
Apr 03, 2023
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Yang Shuwen
Introduction
Fever refers to an elevated body temperature. To determine whether the fever is caused by bacterial or viral infection, tests such as complete blood count (CBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin can be used for differentiation. Therefore, if symptoms such as fever occur, patients are advised to seek medical attention promptly for relevant examinations and diagnosis to identify the type and cause of infection and receive appropriate treatment.
Fever refers to an elevated body temperature. To determine whether a fever is caused by bacterial or viral infection, tests such as complete blood count (CBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), and secretion culture can be used for differentiation.
1. Complete Blood Count (CBC)
In viral fevers, a patient's white blood cell count is typically normal or decreased, and there may be an increase in lymphocytes. In severe viral infections, lymphocyte counts may drop significantly. In contrast, bacterial fevers usually present with elevated white blood cell counts, particularly increased neutrophils.
2. C-Reactive Protein (CRP)
CRP levels are typically positive (elevated) in bacterial infections, whereas they tend to remain normal or only slightly elevated in viral infections.
3. Secretion Culture
Bacterial cultures from secretions in cases of bacterial fever will yield positive results, showing the presence of bacteria, while cultures in viral fevers are negative.
Therefore, if symptoms such as fever occur, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly for appropriate examinations and diagnosis to identify the type and cause of infection, followed by suitable treatment. Doctors may make a comprehensive assessment based on medical history, physical signs, and laboratory tests to determine the most appropriate treatment plan.
