Normal Reference Range for Glucose Tolerance Test in Pregnant Women
May 23, 2022
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Lv Aiming
Introduction
The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for pregnant women is typically performed around 24 weeks of gestation. A diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or pregestational diabetes complicated by pregnancy can be made if any one or more of the test results exceed the upper limit of normal values. For the OGTT, the patient ingests 75 g of oral glucose. A fasting blood sample is drawn prior to glucose ingestion, followed by blood glucose measurements hourly; a final blood glucose measurement is taken at the 2-hour mark.
In daily life, many women experiencing their first pregnancy are unfamiliar with fundamental reproductive health knowledge. To better assess maternal and fetal health, it is essential to confirm that certain key parameters fall within normal reference ranges. What, then, are the normal values for the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) during pregnancy?
Normal Values for the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) in Pregnancy
Normal OGTT values for pregnant women are as follows: fasting blood glucose < 5.1 mmol/L; 1-hour post-glucose load blood glucose < 10.0 mmol/L; and 2-hour post-glucose load blood glucose < 8.5 mmol/L. The OGTT is used to screen for pre-existing diabetes or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This test is typically performed between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation. A diagnosis of GDM—or pregestational diabetes complicated by pregnancy—is established if any one (or more) of these three values exceeds its respective upper limit.
For the OGTT result to be considered normal, all three measurements must fall within their respective reference ranges. If even a single value exceeds the upper limit, a diagnosis of gestational diabetes can be made. Pregnant women diagnosed with GDM need not become overly anxious; with appropriate management—including dietary modifications, regular physical activity, and, if necessary, insulin therapy—blood glucose levels can be maintained within the normal range, thereby minimizing risks to the fetus. Therefore, it is recommended that all pregnant women undergo OGTT screening.
During pregnancy, it is advisable to avoid spicy, heavily seasoned, or otherwise irritating foods, and instead consume more fresh fruits and vegetables. Maintain a regular schedule of work and rest, avoid excessive fatigue, focus on healthy fetal development, and attend all scheduled prenatal check-ups. We hope this information proves helpful!
