What Causes Acne Breakouts Before Menstruation?
May 27, 2022
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Wang Xiaoyan
Introduction
Premenstrual acne flare-ups in women are commonly attributed to the following factors:
- **Excessive sebum production**: Hormonal fluctuations before menstruation lead to increased sebum secretion, which can stimulate the pilosebaceous ducts and trigger acne breakouts.
- **Insufficient progesterone**: During the week preceding menstruation, progesterone levels gradually decline. This hormonal shift often results in rougher, more sensitive skin prone to allergic reactions—and consequently, acne.
During menstruation, women’s physical resistance tends to be lower, and many experience sudden acne flare-ups before their period—causing considerable distress. So, what causes premenstrual acne? The specific reasons are as follows:
① Excessive Sebum Production
Under hormonal influence, sebum production increases significantly in the days leading up to menstruation. This heightened sebum output stimulates the pilosebaceous ducts, making pores more visible and sebum secretion particularly abundant—ultimately triggering acne breakouts.
② Elevated Estrogen Levels
From ovulation until just before menstruation, rising hormone levels enhance sebaceous gland activity, thereby exacerbating acne.
③ Insufficient Progesterone
According to the natural menstrual cycle, progesterone levels gradually decline during the week preceding menstruation. During this phase, skin often becomes rougher and more prone to allergic reactions—increasing susceptibility to acne.
④ Zinc Deficiency
Research indicates that women without acne generally have significantly higher zinc levels than those with acne. Zinc inhibits an enzyme associated with skin inflammation and infection. Moreover, zinc helps reduce sebum production, thereby lowering the risk of skin infections.
