Steps for Ureteroscopic Renal Stone Removal

The standard procedure for flexible ureteroscopy to remove kidney stones typically involves the following steps: local disinfection of the surgical site, followed by either spinal anesthesia or general anesthesia. The flexible ureteroscope allows direct visualization of the ureter and identification of any pathological findings. A guidewire is then inserted, and anti-inflammatory irrigation fluid is instilled. If ureteral stones are identified, they are fragmented—commonly using laser lithotripsy—and a double-J (DJ) stent is placed for postoperative drainage. After surgery, patients should urinate regularly and drink ample warm water.