What is chronic atrophic gastritis?

Chronic atrophic gastritis is a chronic digestive system disease, mainly characterized by atrophy and reduction in number of gastric mucosal epithelium and glands, thinning of the gastric mucosa, and thickening of the mucosal basal layer. Its etiology is complex and may be related to Helicobacter pylori infection,不良饮食习惯 (such as smoking, alcohol consumption, long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), immune factors, bile or duodenal fluid reflux, genetic factors, and others. This disease has a high incidence rate and tends to recur frequently, making it difficult to cure, and it is closely related to the development of gastric cancer. Patients may experience symptoms such as dull upper abdominal pain, distension, belching, acid reflux, nausea, and some may also have mental symptoms such as weight loss and fatigue. Treatment requires a comprehensive approach combining dietary adjustments, medication, and surgical interventions.