What causes sores on the throat?

Sores in the throat are typically caused by mucosal ulcers of the pharynx. If the ulcer is located in the oral cavity or oropharynx, Xigua Shuang (Watermelon Frost) aerosol spray may be applied directly to the affected area. Additionally, oral administration of traditional Chinese patent medicines with heat-clearing and detoxifying properties—as well as vitamin B₂ and vitamin C supplements—is recommended.

If the ulcer is situated in the laryngopharynx, topical treatment is not feasible; systemic therapy is required instead. Should the ulcer be surrounded by erythema and swelling, empiric antibiotic therapy targeting likely pathogens is indicated. Alternatively, treatment with traditional Chinese medicine may also be considered.

If the lesions result from a viral infection—such as herpes simplex virus—symptomatic management is appropriate: increase fluid intake, maintain good oral hygiene, and routinely rinse the mouth with warm saline solution. Should herpetic vesicles rupture and evolve into ulcers, management remains the same—namely, adequate hydration and strict hygiene. Regardless of whether the pharyngeal mucosal lesion is an ulcer or a viral infection, dietary modifications are essential: avoid spicy, irritating foods; abstain completely from tobacco and alcohol; and consume ample fruits and vegetables.

However, specific drug dosages and regimens must be determined by a qualified physician. Self-medication—or arbitrarily adjusting, adding, omitting, or substituting medications—is strictly discouraged.