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What are the hazards of endometrial polyps?

Jul 20, 2022 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Zhang Lu
Introduction
Risks of Endometrial Polyps: Endometrial polyps can cause menstrual disorders, such as increased menstrual flow. Some women may also experience prolonged menstrual periods, persistent or irregular spotting (i.e., intermittent, non-stop menstruation), and abnormal vaginal bleeding. In daily life, affected women may experience recurrent episodes of vaginal bleeding—sometimes heavy, sometimes light.

Endometrial polyps are a relatively common gynecological condition. Their development is closely associated with prolonged inflammatory stimulation of the uterus. Potential complications include menstrual disorders, vaginal bleeding, infertility and miscarriage, anemia, and secondary gynecological infections.

1. Menstrual Disorders: Endometrial polyps may cause abnormal uterine bleeding, such as intermenstrual bleeding, menorrhagia (excessively heavy menstrual flow), and prolonged menstruation. These symptoms not only impair quality of life but may also lead to health issues such as anemia.

2. Vaginal Bleeding: Women may experience recurrent episodes of vaginal bleeding in daily life—sometimes light, sometimes heavy. In severe cases, vaginal bleeding may even occur after sexual intercourse.

3. Infertility and Miscarriage: If a polyp develops within the cervical canal, it may obstruct sperm entry into the uterine cavity; if located inside the uterine cavity, it may interfere with blastocyst implantation and embryonic development, thereby contributing to infertility and miscarriage.

4. Anemia: Chronic abnormal uterine bleeding can result in excessive blood loss, leading to anemia. Anemic patients may experience fatigue, weakness, palpitations, and other discomforts; severe anemia may significantly impair work performance and quality of life.

5. Gynecological Infections: The surface tissue of polyps is prone to necrosis and infection, potentially triggering endometritis, cervicitis, and other gynecological infections. Such infections may exacerbate polyp-related symptoms, creating a vicious cycle.

If left untreated for an extended period, intrauterine polyps may progressively enlarge and eventually obstruct the cervical os. During intercourse, some patients may experience cervical bleeding—a condition that not only threatens normal sexual activity but may also adversely affect marital relationships.

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